In many legal systems around the world there are Latin phrases that carry specific meanings. It is an easy way of saying a whole paragraph of meaning while using a few short words. Some of these are only used in court systems. However, many of these phrases have made their way into vulgar (meaning common) conversations today.
a mensa et thoro — From table and bed
This is a legal separation. Often before a couple file for divorce they will have a separation by court order to allow them time to get their financial affairs divided and in order before proceeding with a divorce. Sometimes couples object to divorce for moral or religious reasons. They will file for a mensa et thoro instead of a divorce. If the couple wishes to reconcile while under legal separation, they can continue their marriage without any further court order. However, if they wish to proceed to divorce they will have to file for such separately.
http://www.infobarrel.com/Latin_Phrases_-_Important_Legal_Phrases_From_Latin
